Total Quality Management (TQM) is an administrative methodology aimed at enhancing the quality of products or services provided by organizations and achieving complete customer satisfaction. TQM is a comprehensive approach that encompasses all aspects of the organization’s operations, starting from senior management down to employees at the lower ranks. The Total Quality Management program includes numerous concepts and practices geared towards achieving continuous improvement and excellence in performance. Some of its key principles include:

1. Customer Focus: Emphasizing understanding and meeting customer needs and expectations.

2. Participation and Contribution: Involving all employees in the improvement process and encouraging their active contribution.

3. Continuous Improvement: Striving for ongoing enhancement of processes, products, and services.

4. Process Management: Emphasizing the importance of managing processes effectively to achieve desired outcomes.

5. Organizational Learning: Fostering a culture of learning and knowledge sharing within the organization to drive continuous improvement.